Tattoos in Japan have a complex history.
Tattooing dates back to Japan’s Jomon period (14,000 – 300 BCE).
Clay figures from the Jomon period show imprints of tattoos or scarification.
Societal views toward tattoos have changed over time.
Today, tattoos in Japan are somewhat taboo.
Many Japanese people keep their tattoos hidden due to social and employment reasons.
Tattoos are partly associated with the Japanese criminal underworld, especially the Yakuza.
This association with the Yakuza contributes to the stigma around tattoos.
As a visitor to Japan, you may find that some establishments enforce strict tattoo policies.
This includes hot springs (onsen) and public swimming pools.
Rules vary from needing to cover tattoos completely to outright entry bans.
However, attitudes are changing, and Japan’s tattoo culture is evolving.
Tattoos in Japan are witnessing a significant cultural shift. Once primarily associated with the Yakuza and considered taboo, tattoos are now gaining acceptance, especially among the younger generation. This change is reflected in the increasing number of tattoo-friendly public spaces and establishments, as well as a growing appreciation for tattoos as a form of art and self-expression. However, the journey towards widespread acceptance is ongoing, with more dialogues and potential legal reforms on the horizon.
Adam Payne
Cultural Significance and Social Implications
Yakuza and Tattoos
In Japan, tattoos are widely linked to the Yakuza, a notorious criminal organization.
Yakuza members often have extensive and intricate body tattoos called ‘Irezumi.’
As such, Irezumi tattoos are often associated with Yakuza members and their underground activities. [1]
These tattoos contain symbolic imagery to convey specific meanings.
The tattoos feature bold designs inspired by Japanese mythology, folklore, and nature.
This association leads to a generally negative view of tattoos in Japanese society.
This has led many to perceive them as taboo.
Tattoos as Art and Expression
Despite the long-standing social stigma, many younger Japanese people are now embracing tattoos.
These young individuals see tattoos as a means of self-expression and creativity.[2]
Interest in tattoo artistry is growing among the Japanese youth.
Many are keen to break the association of tattoos solely with crime and darkness.
Japanese tattooing, known for its high quality and unique style, is revered by tattoo enthusiasts.
This style combines complex shading, bold lines, and intricate details.
Such respect has fostered a broader cultural appreciation for tattoos in Japan and worldwide. [3]
Anti-Tattoo Views and Prejudice
However, opposition to tattoos remains strong in Japan.
This mainly stems from the aforementioned historical link between tattoos and criminal activities.[4]
Tattoos also carry connotations of illegal activities.
Consequently, tattoos often face prejudice, leading to exclusion from social spaces.
Many companies include anti-tattoo clauses in their dress codes.
Such policies make integration into Japanese society challenging for tattooed individuals.
These individuals frequently face challenges due to cultural differences and traditional beliefs.[5]
Tattooing Scene in Modern Japan
Popularity Among Younger Generations
Unlike their predecessors, this generation is more receptive to self-expression through body art.
Young Japanese individuals now embrace tattoos as an art form and a personal statement.
This new perspective distances them from tattoos’ traditional criminal associations.
Despite this changing perception, social prejudice against tattoos persists.
Influence of Foreign Travelers
An influx of foreign travellers has spurred a growing interest in tattoos among Japanese youth.
An increasing number of English-speaking visitors with tattoos are visiting Japan.
The presence of these tattooed visitors helps break down stereotypes about tattoos.
Young Japanese people are increasingly exposed to diverse perspectives and cultures.
This exposure is leading to greater acceptance of tattoos among the younger Japanese population.
The Trend of Tattoo-Friendly Spaces
There’s an emerging trend of creating tattoo-friendly spaces.
Traditionally, numerous public facilities denied entry to individuals with tattoos.
However, more and more Japanese people are now getting tattoos.
The expanding tourism industry is also influencing this change.
Responding to this demand, establishments like hotels and onsens are modifying their spaces.
These establishments are making changes to welcome guests with tattoos.
These places are adopting tattoo-friendly policies.
By doing this, they aim to create a more inclusive environment for locals and travellers alike.
This move towards inclusivity signifies a more progressive Japanese attitude towards tattoo culture.
It also marks a significant shift in social norms.
Tattooing and Public Spaces
Policies at Onsen and Sento
In Japan, many public baths enforce strict policies against tattoos.
This includes onsens and sentos.
This strictness stems from tattoos’ historical association with the Yakuza’s criminal activities.
However, a few locations are starting to welcome guests with tattoos on a trial basis.
These establishments allow entry if guests cover their tattoos with an 8cm x 10cm sticker.
Alternatively, some facilities offer private baths for a more personal experience.
This option enables guests to enjoy the bathing experience without worrying about their tattoos.
Access to Gyms, Pools, and Beaches
When visiting gyms, pools, and beaches in Japan, you might face restrictions due to tattoos.
In these public spaces, as with onsens and sentos, tattoos have long been considered taboo.
However, urban areas and tourist destinations like Okinawa increasingly accept tattoos.
Covering your tattoos with swimwear or bandages allows you to enjoy these activities without issues.
Tattoo Restrictions in Hotels and Ryokans
In Japan, many hotels and ryokans have implemented policies restricting tattoo guests.
Such policies often affect access to on-site spas, swimming pools, and communal baths.
However, tolerance for tattoos is growing in public spaces.
This is like other public spaces.
This is particularly true in establishments that cater to foreign tourists.
Being mindful of local customs and policies is essential.
This mindfulness ensures a respectful and enjoyable experience during your stay in Japan.
Future Perspectives
Shift Toward Acceptance
Japan’s youth are increasingly embracing open-mindedness and globalization.
So, attitudes towards tattoos in Japan are evolving.
However, more people are getting tattoos for fashion, self-expression, or global trends.
A major driver of this change is the growing number of Japanese adults sporting tattoos.
This number has almost doubled since 2014.
Many are influenced by Western celebrity culture and contemporary tattoo styles.
In response, public spaces and businesses are reevaluating their tattoo policies.
These establishments, once prohibitive towards tattoos, are now altering their stance.
Potential Legal Reforms
Increased demand for tattoos and shifting public opinions are prompting the possibility of legal reforms.
In Japan, current laws define tattooing as a medical procedure.
This archaic perspective links tattooing to older, potentially harmful methods.
Today’s tattooing equipment and safety standards have significantly evolved from the past.
Expect increasing discussions about updating regulatory standards in the tattoo industry.
In the coming years, the Japanese government might reevaluate health and safety rules for tattoos.
If such reforms are implemented, they could result in more transparent licensing for tattoo artists.
They could also introduce new guidelines for hygienic tattoo practices.
Final Words
Tattoos in Japan will continue moving towards greater acceptance in the future.
The changing attitudes of the younger generation will largely drive this shift.
However, the journey towards complete acceptance may still be a lengthy one.
We can expect more dialogues, policy adjustments, and potential legal reforms.
These developments will significantly shape Japan’s evolving tattoo culture.
